Source: saudigazette.com.sa
Global barqarorlik va toza energiya megatrendlari sayyoramizning yashil kelajagi yo‘lida energiya strategiyalariga qanday yondashishimizga ta’sir qilar ekan, shamol va quyosh kabi qayta tiklanadigan texnologiyalar tadqiqotning asosiy yo‘nalishlari hisoblanadi. Quyosh texnologiyalari sohasida so'nggi o'n yarim yil ichida paydo bo'ladigan perovskit quyosh xujayralari (PSC) sohasi mashhurlikka erishdi.
Biroq, kremniy quyosh xujayralari ustunlik qiladigan sohada, perovskit quyosh xujayralarining nisbatan yangi texnologiyasi yuqori quvvatni konversiyalash samaradorligini (PCEs) taklif qilishdan tashqari, muvaffaqiyatli tijoratlashtirish uchun yana ikkita muhim talabga javob berishi kerak: barqarorlik va miqyoslilik.
In a recently published Science paper titled 'Damp heat–stable perovskite solar cells with tailored-dimensionality 2D/3D heterojunctions,' KAUST researchers have reported a significant milestone through the first-ever successful photovoltaic (PV) damp-heat test of PSCs.
Namlik{0}}issiqlik sinovi quyosh panellarining yuqori namlik va yuqori harorat taʼsiriga uzoq muddat bardosh berish qobiliyatini aniqlashga qaratilgan tezlashtirilgan va qatʼiy ekologik qarish testidir.
Sinov 1,{1}} soat davomida 85 foiz namlik va 85 daraja Selsiy nazorat ostidagi muhitda o‘tkaziladi. Bu ko'p yillik tashqi ta'sirni takrorlash va korroziya va delaminatsiya kabi omillarni baholash uchun mo'ljallangan.
Sinovning qattiqligi fotovoltaik (PV) texnologiyasini tijoratlashtirish talablariga mos keladi, an'anaviy kristalli{2}}kremniy modullari uchun 25-30 yillik kafolatni qoplash kerak. Sinovdan o'tish uchun quyosh batareyasi o'zining dastlabki ishlashining 95 foizini saqlab turishi kerak.
Led by first author Randi Azmi, a postdoctoral fellow in Stefaan De Wolf's KAUST Photovoltaics Laboratory, their research had to overcome an enduring weakness in encapsulated PSCs to prevent packaging leakage.
3D perovskit plyonkalarining bu zaifligi atmosfera agentlarining kiruvchi infiltratsiyasiga imkon beradi va issiqlikka nisbatan cheklangan chidamlilikni ta'minlaydi. KAUST tadqiqotchilari tomonidan topilgan yechim bir vaqtning o'zida quvvatni konversiyalash samaradorligini va umr bo'yi PSClarni oshirish uchun 2D-perovskit passivatsiya qatlamlarini ishlab chiqish va joriy etishdan iborat.
Stability is essential because perovskites are sensitive. Employed through a thin-film coating process, they're basically a salt — so perovskite solar cells are highly affected by the presence of humidity.
The specificity of perovskites is that it's a thin-film technology. As is the case with conventional solar cells, two contacts made of specific types of materials are still required. One will collect electrons and the other's function is to collect positively charged 'holes' — which represent the absence of electrons.
Ammo, kremniy gofretlardan farqli o'laroq, perovskitlar to'g'ridan-to'g'ri shisha substratga, oldingi eritma yordamida qoplanishi mumkin. Eritma qattiq holatga kristallangan erituvchi bilan tayyorlanadi.
Muhim afzalliklardan biri shundaki, prekursorli materiallar qimmatbaho qurilmalar va 1,000 darajadan yuqori energiya talab qiladigan muhitlar-siz tayyorlanishi mumkin, bu kremniy kabi an'anaviy yarimo'tkazgichlarga xosdir.
"It's a very simple way to make solar cells. Also, while the optoelectronic properties are not unique, they are excellent. They're on-par with very high-quality traditional semiconductors. That's quite remarkable," explained Professor De Wolf .
By altering the composition, it's also possible to tune the spectral sensitivity across the solar light spectrum from UV up to infrared. This is quite attractive for specific applications.
Ishlash va barqarorlikdan so'ng qolgan qiyinchilik - miqyoslash. Aksariyat quyosh batareyalari ilovalari kommunal sektorlar va uyingizda panellari-ga qaratilgan. Ikkinchisi Saudiya Arabistonida ko'zga tashlanmasa-da, Qirollikda amalga oshirilayotgan yirik loyihalar cho'ldagi yirik PV maydonlarini o'z ichiga oladi.
"The market is silicon-based, and it will be silicon-based for the next 20 years at least," said De Wolf.
So the KAUST Photovoltaics Lab is mainly focused on improving the performance of perovskite solar cells to advance more efficient "tandem" solutions pairing both traditional silicon and perovskites, where the current findings will aid much in increasing the reliability of such perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells.
